diff --git a/docs/adr/0001-recover-full-bash-command-from-session.md b/docs/adr/0001-recover-full-bash-command-from-session.md
index d68f09b..ac9b942 100644
--- a/docs/adr/0001-recover-full-bash-command-from-session.md
+++ b/docs/adr/0001-recover-full-bash-command-from-session.md
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ status: accepted
 
 ## Decision
 
-For direct calls to Pi's native `bash` tool, capture the session manager at `session_start`. During authorization, use `details.toolCallId` to find exactly one matching assistant `toolCall` block in the current session and read its structured `arguments.command` value.
+For direct calls to Pi's native `bash` tool, capture the session manager at `session_start`. During authorization, walk the session in reverse to the latest assistant message containing a `toolCall` block whose `id` equals `details.toolCallId`, require exactly one such block *within that message*, and read its structured `arguments.command` value.
 
 Proceed only when all evidence agrees:
 
 - the request and recovered tool call both identify the native `bash` tool;
-- the tool-call ID has exactly one match;
+- the tool-call ID has exactly one match within the latest assistant message that contains it (a cross-message reuse resolves to the latest, which is the call being authorized);
 - `arguments.command` is a string;
 - the complete input matches the strict wrapper grammar;
 - the inner command is not another recognized wrapper.
@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ The implementation must retain regression tests for:
 - inner `allow`, `ask`, and `deny` mapping;
 - compound input such as `timeout 60s pnpm test && git push`;
 - unsupported and nested wrapper syntax;
-- missing, duplicate, malformed, and forwarded session evidence;
+- missing, within-message duplicate, malformed, and forwarded session evidence;
+- a tool-call id reused across messages (resolved to the latest);
 - Authorizer registration and disposal.
 
 The end-to-end experiment confirmed that permission-system checks every Bash command unit but invokes the Authorizer once for the aggregated `ask`; an Authorizer `allow` then releases the complete tool call. See [context ownership](../research/ai-bash-context-ownership.md) and [minimal Bash judgment evidence](../research/ai-bash-judge-input-minimality.md) for the underlying permission and evidence boundaries.
diff --git a/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/src/recovery.ts b/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/src/recovery.ts
index 34759b7..13d26a0 100644
--- a/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/src/recovery.ts
+++ b/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/src/recovery.ts
@@ -33,17 +33,21 @@ function extractBashCommand(block: ToolCallBlock): string | undefined {
 /**
  * Recover the complete native Bash command for one tool call.
  *
- * Walks session entries, finds the assistant `toolCall` block whose `id` equals
- * `toolCallId`, and reads its structured `arguments.command`. Proceeds only
- * when, per ADR 0001:
+ * The tool call being authorized is always the most recent one, so entries are
+ * walked in reverse and the search stops at the first (latest) assistant
+ * message that contains a `toolCall` block whose `id` equals `toolCallId`.
  *
- * - exactly one block matches the id (no duplicate),
- * - that block names the native Bash tool,
- * - `arguments.command` is a string.
+ * Per ADR 0001, the id must match exactly one block *within that single
+ * message*. An earlier message reusing the same id is a stale, already-resolved
+ * call and is irrelevant to the current authorization; but two matching blocks
+ * inside one message cannot be disambiguated (we cannot tell which one
+ * `details.toolCallId` refers to), so that case stays fail-closed. The matched
+ * block must then name the native Bash tool and carry a string
+ * `arguments.command`.
  *
- * Any other outcome — no match, duplicate id, a non-Bash tool call, a
- * non-string command, or malformed entries — returns `undefined` so the caller
- * defers fail-closed.
+ * Any other outcome — no match, a within-message duplicate id, a non-Bash tool
+ * call, a non-string command, or malformed entries — returns `undefined` so the
+ * caller defers fail-closed.
  *
  * @returns the complete Bash command, or `undefined`.
  */
@@ -51,33 +55,34 @@ export function recoverNativeBashCommand(
     entries: ReadonlyArray<SessionEntry>,
     toolCallId: string,
 ): string | undefined {
-    let matches = 0;
-    let command: string | undefined;
-
-    for (const entry of entries) {
+    for (let i = entries.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        const entry = entries[i];
         if (entry.type !== "message") {
             continue;
         }
-        const message = entry.message as { role?: unknown; content?: unknown };
+        const message = entry.message;
         if (message.role !== "assistant") {
             continue;
         }
-        const content = message.content;
-        if (!Array.isArray(content)) {
+
+        const matches: ToolCallBlock[] = [];
+        for (const block of message.content) {
+            if (isToolCallBlock(block) && block.id === toolCallId) {
+                matches.push(block);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (matches.length === 0) {
             continue;
         }
-        for (const block of content) {
-            if (!isToolCallBlock(block) || block.id !== toolCallId) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            matches += 1;
-            // Keep walking the whole session so a duplicate id (two matching
-            // blocks) is detected even when the first match was unusable.
-            if (matches === 1) {
-                command = extractBashCommand(block);
-            }
-        }
+
+        // Latest message containing the id. Uniqueness only has to hold within
+        // this one message (see above); a cross-message reuse resolves to the
+        // latest, which is the call currently being authorized.
+        return matches.length === 1
+            ? extractBashCommand(matches[0])
+            : undefined;
     }
 
-    return matches === 1 ? command : undefined;
+    return undefined;
 }
diff --git a/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/test/recovery.test.ts b/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/test/recovery.test.ts
index 67d22ba..7f35d9e 100644
--- a/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/test/recovery.test.ts
+++ b/packages/pi-permission-inner-cmd/test/recovery.test.ts
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ import type { SessionEntry } from "@earendil-works/pi-coding-agent";
 import { recoverNativeBashCommand } from "../src/recovery";
 
 /** Build a minimal assistant message entry carrying the given content blocks. */
-function assistantEntry(content: unknown[]): SessionEntry {
+function assistantEntry(content: unknown[], id = "entry-1"): SessionEntry {
     return {
         type: "message",
-        id: "entry-1",
+        id,
         parentId: null,
         timestamp: "2026-08-08T00:00:00.000Z",
         message: {
@@ -156,6 +156,25 @@ describe("recoverNativeBashCommand", () => {
         expect(recoverNativeBashCommand(entries, "call_1")).toBeUndefined();
     });
 
+    it("returns the latest command when the id recurs across messages", () => {
+        // A cross-message id reuse resolves to the latest block, which is the
+        // call currently being authorized; the earlier block is already-
+        // resolved history and must not fail-closed the recovery.
+        const entries = [
+            assistantEntry(
+                [bashToolCall("call_1", "timeout 30s rm -rf /")],
+                "entry-a",
+            ),
+            assistantEntry(
+                [bashToolCall("call_1", "timeout 30s pnpm test")],
+                "entry-b",
+            ),
+        ];
+        expect(recoverNativeBashCommand(entries, "call_1")).toBe(
+            "timeout 30s pnpm test",
+        );
+    });
+
     it("tolerates a malformed content block that is not a tool call", () => {
         const entries = [
             assistantEntry([