diff --git a/hw/sim/Makefile b/hw/sim/Makefile
index 489f0ba..0156073 100644
--- a/hw/sim/Makefile
+++ b/hw/sim/Makefile
@@ -27,6 +27,18 @@ READ_NOISE_RATE_NUM     ?=
 READ_NOISE_RATE_DEN     ?=
 READ_NOISE_BITS         ?=
 
+# Perf-test compatibility override: when running cam_perf, force deterministic
+# noise parameters so noise_mask_grouped.sv elaborates correctly for perf
+# sweep HASH_BITS values (64, 128, 192, 256, 320, 384, 448, 512 — all
+# divisible by 64 such that HASH_BITS / NOISE_BITS == 64 in the RTL).
+# This is a testbench parameter, not a hardware performance/resource claim.
+ifeq ($(COCOTB_TEST_MODULES),tests.test_cam_perf)
+WRITE_NOISE_EN      := 0
+READ_NOISE_EN       := 0
+WRITE_NOISE_BITS    := $(shell echo $$(( $(HASH_BITS) / 64 )))
+READ_NOISE_BITS     := $(shell echo $$(( $(HASH_BITS) / 64 )))
+endif
+
 ifneq ($(strip $(WRITE_NOISE_EN)),)
 COMPILE_ARGS += -GWRITE_NOISE_EN=$(WRITE_NOISE_EN)
 endif
diff --git a/hw/sim/tests/test_cam_perf.py b/hw/sim/tests/test_cam_perf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5eaba87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hw/sim/tests/test_cam_perf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import cocotb
+from cocotb.clock import Clock
+from cocotb.triggers import RisingEdge, ReadOnly, Timer
+
+
+# ── Helpers (local reimplementation — no imports from test_cam_basic) ─────────
+
+
+def _get_param(dut, name, default=None):
+    """Read a Verilator-exposed parameter from the DUT."""
+    try:
+        val = getattr(dut, name, None)
+        if val is not None:
+            return int(val.value)
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+    return default
+
+
+def dut_num_rows(dut):
+    val = _get_param(dut, "NUM_ROWS", None)
+    if val is not None:
+        return val
+    return 1 << len(dut.wr_addr)
+
+
+def dut_hash_bits(dut):
+    val = _get_param(dut, "HASH_BITS", None)
+    if val is not None:
+        return val
+    return len(dut.write_hash)
+
+
+def dut_lanes(dut):
+    val = _get_param(dut, "LANES", None)
+    if val is not None:
+        return val
+    return len(dut.rd_resp_row_ids) // len(dut.wr_addr)
+
+
+def _pipeline_depth(num_rows, lanes):
+    """Number of match-engine pipeline stages (rows processed per query)."""
+    return num_rows // lanes
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Bounded wait helper  (RisingEdge only — keep the caller writeable)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def _wait_bounded(dut, condition_fn, max_cycles, label):
+    """Wait for *condition_fn* to become ``True``, sampling at each RisingEdge.
+
+    Raises ``AssertionError`` with *label* if *max_cycles* is exceeded.
+    The caller is left in a writeable phase after return.
+    """
+    for _ in range(max_cycles):
+        await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+        if condition_fn():
+            return
+    raise AssertionError(
+        f"{label}: timed out after {max_cycles} clock cycles"
+    )
+
+
+def _condition_signal_high(signal):
+    """Return a nullary callable that checks *signal* is high (integer 1)."""
+    def _check():
+        return int(signal.value) == 1
+    return _check
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# DUT helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+async def reset_dut(dut):
+    """Reset the DUT with new handshake interface.
+
+    ``result_ready`` is held at 0 during measurement; the performance test
+    pulses it high for exactly one cycle after capturing ``result_valid``.
+    """
+    dut.rst_n.value = 0
+    dut.wr_valid.value = 0
+    dut.wr_addr.value = 0
+    dut.write_hash.value = 0
+    dut.query_valid.value = 0
+    dut.query_hash.value = 0
+    dut.result_ready.value = 0
+
+    for _ in range(5):
+        await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+
+    dut.rst_n.value = 1
+
+    for _ in range(2):
+        await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+
+
+async def wait_idle(dut, max_cycles=10):
+    """Wait until both wr_ready=1 and query_ready=1 (system fully idle)."""
+    await _wait_bounded(
+        dut,
+        lambda: int(dut.wr_ready.value) and int(dut.query_ready.value),
+        max_cycles,
+        "wait_idle",
+    )
+
+
+async def write_row(dut, addr, value, max_cycles=10):
+    """Write a single row using wr_valid/wr_ready handshake."""
+    await wait_idle(dut)
+
+    dut.wr_addr.value = addr
+    dut.write_hash.value = int(value)
+    dut.wr_valid.value = 1
+
+    await _wait_bounded(
+        dut,
+        _condition_signal_high(dut.wr_ready),
+        max_cycles,
+        f"write_row(addr={addr}) handshake",
+    )
+
+    dut.wr_valid.value = 0
+    await wait_idle(dut)
+
+
+async def write_rows(dut, rows):
+    """Write all rows sequentially."""
+    for idx, value in enumerate(rows):
+        await write_row(dut, idx, value)
+
+
+async def query_once_with_latency(dut, query, max_result_cycles):
+    """Issue a query and return (top1_index, top1_score, latency_cycles, total_cycles).
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    max_result_cycles : int
+        Hard bound on cycles from query acceptance to *result_valid*.
+        Derived from ``NUM_ROWS / LANES + pipeline_slack`` by the caller.
+
+    Cycle counting
+    --------------
+    ``query_ready`` is a combinational signal that goes low *immediately* after
+    the RisingEdge at which the query is accepted (the state machine
+    transitions from S_IDLE to S_SCAN).  We therefore sample ``query_ready``
+    **before** ``ReadOnly`` (i.e. at the RisingEdge time-point itself) to
+    capture the handshake.
+
+    ``result_valid`` is a registered output that stays high until consumed, so
+    we sample it in the **settled phase** after ``ReadOnly``.
+
+    ``latency_cycles`` is the number of RisingEdge events between the cycle
+    where the query is accepted and the cycle where ``result_valid`` is
+    observed.
+    """
+    await wait_idle(dut)
+
+    edge_count = 0
+    dut.query_hash.value = int(query)
+    dut.query_valid.value = 1
+
+    # ── Phase 1: Accept handshake ───────────────────────────────────────
+    #    query_ready is combinational — sample before ReadOnly.
+    accept_edge = None
+    for _ in range(10):
+        await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+        edge_count += 1
+        q_ready = int(dut.query_ready.value)  # sample before state transition
+        await ReadOnly()
+        await Timer(1, units="step")          # exit ReadOnly for driving
+        if q_ready:
+            accept_edge = edge_count
+            break
+    assert accept_edge is not None, (
+        "Query accept handshake timed out after 10 cycles"
+    )
+    dut.query_valid.value = 0
+
+    # ── Phase 2: Wait for result_valid (measurement window) ─────────────
+    #    result_valid is registered — sample after ReadOnly is fine.
+    result_edge = None
+    for _ in range(max_result_cycles):
+        await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+        edge_count += 1
+        await ReadOnly()
+        if int(dut.result_valid.value):
+            result_edge = edge_count
+            break
+    assert result_edge is not None, (
+        f"Query result_valid timed out after {max_result_cycles} cycles "
+        f"(accepted at edge {accept_edge})"
+    )
+    await Timer(1, units="step")
+
+    latency_cycles = result_edge - accept_edge
+
+    top1_index = int(dut.top1_index.value)
+    top1_score = int(dut.top1_score.value)
+
+    # ── Phase 3: Consume result (pulse result_ready for one cycle) ──────
+    dut.result_ready.value = 1
+    await RisingEdge(dut.clk)
+    edge_count += 1
+    await ReadOnly()
+    await Timer(1, units="step")
+    dut.result_ready.value = 0
+
+    return top1_index, top1_score, latency_cycles, edge_count
+
+
+def deterministic_rows(num_rows, hash_bits, query_hash):
+    """Create deterministic rows where only row 0 stores *query_hash*."""
+    mask = (1 << hash_bits) - 1
+    rows = [0] * num_rows
+    rows[0] = query_hash
+    for i in range(1, num_rows):
+        # Deterministic non-matching value; golden-ratio-like spread
+        val = ((i + 1) * 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15) & mask
+        if val == query_hash or val == 0:
+            val = ((val ^ query_hash) ^ 0xA5A5A5A5A5A5A5A5) & mask
+            if val == query_hash or val == 0:
+                val = (val ^ 1) & mask
+        rows[i] = val
+    return rows
+
+
+# ── Performance Test ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+@cocotb.test()
+async def cam_perf_benchmark(dut):
+    """Performance benchmark: measure query latency in cycles."""
+    cocotb.start_soon(Clock(dut.clk, 10, unit="ns").start())
+    await reset_dut(dut)
+
+    num_rows = dut_num_rows(dut)
+    hash_bits = dut_hash_bits(dut)
+    lanes = dut_lanes(dut)
+    write_noise_en = _get_param(dut, "WRITE_NOISE_EN", 1)
+    read_noise_en = _get_param(dut, "READ_NOISE_EN", 0)
+
+    # ── Deterministic query ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+    query_hash = 0xAA55_AA55_AA55_AA55_AA55_AA55_AA55_AA55
+    query_hash &= (1 << hash_bits) - 1
+    if query_hash == 0:
+        query_hash = 1
+
+    rows = deterministic_rows(num_rows, hash_bits, query_hash)
+    await write_rows(dut, rows)
+
+    # Bound: pipeline depth plus generous slack for read + drain stages
+    pipeline = _pipeline_depth(num_rows, lanes)
+    max_result_cycles = pipeline + 30
+
+    top1_index, top1_score, latency_cycles, total_cycles = (
+        await query_once_with_latency(dut, query_hash, max_result_cycles)
+    )
+
+    # ── Performance assertions ──────────────────────────────────────────
+    assert latency_cycles > 0, (
+        f"latency_cycles must be positive, got {latency_cycles}"
+    )
+    assert total_cycles > 0, (
+        f"total_cycles must be positive, got {total_cycles}"
+    )
+
+    # ── Correctness assertions (conditional on noise state) ─────────────
+    if not write_noise_en and not read_noise_en:
+        # Without noise: stored hash at row 0 == query_hash → exact match.
+        assert top1_index == 0, (
+            f"Noise disabled: expected top1_index=0 (exact match), got "
+            f"{top1_index}"
+        )
+        assert top1_score == hash_bits, (
+            f"Noise disabled: expected top1_score={hash_bits}, got "
+            f"{top1_score}"
+        )
+    else:
+        # With noise: write/read flip masks may corrupt stored values, so
+        # we cannot reliably assert the exact match.  Instead, confirm a
+        # valid non-zero score was produced (the match engine ran).
+        assert top1_score > 0, (
+            f"Noise enabled: expected top1_score > 0, got {top1_score}. "
+            "Match engine returned invalid result."
+        )
+        dut._log.info(
+            "Noise enabled (WRITE_NOISE_EN=%s, READ_NOISE_EN=%s) — "
+            "skipping exact top1_index/top1_score assertion. "
+            "top1_index=%d top1_score=%d",
+            write_noise_en, read_noise_en, top1_index, top1_score,
+        )
+
+    # ── Machine-readable performance marker ─────────────────────────────
+    queries_per_cycle = 1.0 / total_cycles
+    dut._log.info(
+        "PERF_RESULT latency_cycles=%d total_cycles=%d "
+        "accepted_queries=1 completed_queries=1 "
+        "queries_per_cycle=%.6f status=pass",
+        latency_cycles, total_cycles, queries_per_cycle,
+    )
diff --git a/scripts/sweep_cam_perf.py b/scripts/sweep_cam_perf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6680fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/sweep_cam_perf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,762 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""CAM performance simulation sweep — data model, sweep matrix, and command builders."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import csv
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import time
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from datetime import date as date_type
+from datetime import datetime
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Annotated
+
+import typer
+
+# Timeout for each external simulation invocation (30 minutes).
+DEFAULT_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_SEC = 1800
+
+# Cocotb test module that records PERF_RESULT metrics.
+PERF_MODULE = "tests.test_cam_perf"
+
+# CSV column names for sweep result output — must match exactly.
+CSV_FIELDNAMES = [
+    "sweep_name",
+    "num_rows",
+    "hash_bits",
+    "lanes",
+    "latency_cycles",
+    "total_cycles",
+    "accepted_queries",
+    "completed_queries",
+    "queries_per_cycle",
+    "sim_time_sec",
+    "status",
+    "log_path",
+]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Dense sweep-matrix value sets for paper-quality figures.
+NUM_ROWS_SWEEP_VALUES = (64, 128, 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024)
+HASH_BITS_SWEEP_VALUES = (64, 128, 192, 256, 320, 384, 448, 512)
+LANES_SWEEP_VALUES = (2, 4, 8, 16, 32)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Data model
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class SweepConfig:
+    """A single point in the CAM performance sweep matrix."""
+
+    sweep_name: str
+    num_rows: int
+    hash_bits: int
+    lanes: int
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class PerfRun:
+    """Result of executing a single sweep configuration."""
+
+    config: SweepConfig
+    status: str
+    returncode: int
+    duration_sec: float
+    log_path: Path
+    metrics: dict[str, str]
+    error: str = ""
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Default sweep matrix
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def default_sweep_configs() -> list[SweepConfig]:
+    """Return the paper-supporting dense sweep matrix (19 unique configs).
+
+    The matrix sweeps one dimension at a time:
+    * NUM_ROWS:   ``(nr, 512, 16)`` for ``nr`` in ``NUM_ROWS_SWEEP_VALUES``
+    * HASH_BITS:  ``(512, hb, 16)`` for ``hb`` in ``HASH_BITS_SWEEP_VALUES``
+    * LANES:      ``(512, 512, la)`` for ``la`` in ``LANES_SWEEP_VALUES``
+
+    Overlapping triples are deduplicated preserving first occurrence.
+    """
+    candidates = (
+        [SweepConfig("num_rows", nr, 512, 16) for nr in NUM_ROWS_SWEEP_VALUES]
+        + [SweepConfig("hash_bits", 512, hb, 16) for hb in HASH_BITS_SWEEP_VALUES]
+        + [SweepConfig("lanes", 512, 512, la) for la in LANES_SWEEP_VALUES]
+    )
+    seen: set[tuple[int, int, int]] = set()
+    result: list[SweepConfig] = []
+    for cfg in candidates:
+        key = (cfg.num_rows, cfg.hash_bits, cfg.lanes)
+        if key not in seen:
+            seen.add(key)
+            result.append(cfg)
+    return result
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Sweep membership helper
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def logical_sweeps_for_config(config: SweepConfig) -> tuple[str, ...]:
+    """Return the logical sweep-group memberships for *config*.
+
+    A single config may participate in multiple sweep dimensions.  This is
+    especially important for the baseline config ``(512, 512, 16)`` whose
+    singleton CSV row has ``sweep_name='num_rows'`` (first occurrence wins
+    during dedup), yet logically belongs to **all three** sweep groups.
+
+    The predicates reference the module-level dense-value constants:
+    * ``'num_rows'``  – ``HASH_BITS=512, LANES=16, NUM_ROWS ∈ NUM_ROWS_SWEEP_VALUES``
+    * ``'hash_bits'`` – ``NUM_ROWS=512, LANES=16, HASH_BITS ∈ HASH_BITS_SWEEP_VALUES``
+    * ``'lanes'``     – ``NUM_ROWS=512, HASH_BITS=512, LANES ∈ LANES_SWEEP_VALUES``
+
+    Downstream plot / analysis code **must** use this helper to derive sweep
+    groups instead of filtering solely by ``SweepConfig.sweep_name``; otherwise
+    the baseline ``(512,512,16)`` would be missing from ``hash_bits`` and
+    ``lanes`` group queries.
+    """
+    memberships: list[str] = []
+    nr, hb, la = config.num_rows, config.hash_bits, config.lanes
+
+    if hb == 512 and la == 16 and nr in NUM_ROWS_SWEEP_VALUES:
+        memberships.append("num_rows")
+    if nr == 512 and la == 16 and hb in HASH_BITS_SWEEP_VALUES:
+        memberships.append("hash_bits")
+    if nr == 512 and hb == 512 and la in LANES_SWEEP_VALUES:
+        memberships.append("lanes")
+
+    return tuple(memberships)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Log parsing
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+_PERF_EXPECTED_KEYS = frozenset({
+    "latency_cycles",
+    "total_cycles",
+    "accepted_queries",
+    "completed_queries",
+    "queries_per_cycle",
+    "status",
+})
+
+
+def parse_perf_result(log_text: str) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Parse the first *complete* ``PERF_RESULT`` marker line from a simulation log.
+
+    Scans all lines for a ``PERF_RESULT`` marker (standalone word).  For each
+    such line, extracts ``key=value`` tokens and checks whether all expected
+    keys (``latency_cycles``, ``total_cycles``, ``accepted_queries``,
+    ``completed_queries``, ``queries_per_cycle``, ``status``) are present.
+    Returns the dict from the **first** line with a complete set, or ``{}``
+    if no complete marker exists in the entire log.
+    """
+    _marker_re = re.compile(r"\bPERF_RESULT\b")
+    for line in log_text.splitlines():
+        if _marker_re.search(line):
+            tokens = line.split()
+            parsed: dict[str, str] = {}
+            for token in tokens:
+                if "=" in token:
+                    key, _, value = token.partition("=")
+                    parsed[key] = value
+            if _PERF_EXPECTED_KEYS.issubset(parsed.keys()):
+                return parsed
+    return {}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Command builders
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def build_make_command(config: SweepConfig) -> list[str]:
+    """Build a ``make`` command to run the perf test module with *config*."""
+    return [
+        "make",
+        "-C",
+        "hw/sim",
+        f"NUM_ROWS={config.num_rows}",
+        f"HASH_BITS={config.hash_bits}",
+        f"LANES={config.lanes}",
+        f"COCOTB_TEST_MODULES={PERF_MODULE}",
+    ]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Execution helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _run_subprocess(
+    cmd: list[str],
+    *,
+    cwd: Path,
+    env: dict[str, str],
+    timeout: int,
+) -> tuple[subprocess.CompletedProcess[str] | None, float, str | None]:
+    """Execute *cmd*, capture output, enforce *timeout*.
+
+    Returns ``(result, duration_sec, error_msg)``.
+    On success *result* is a ``CompletedProcess`` and *error_msg* is ``None``.
+    On failure (timeout / OSError / SubprocessError) *result* is ``None``
+    and *error_msg* describes what happened.
+    """
+    start = time.monotonic()
+    try:
+        result = subprocess.run(
+            cmd,
+            cwd=cwd,
+            env=env,
+            text=True,
+            capture_output=True,
+            timeout=timeout,
+        )
+    except subprocess.TimeoutExpired as exc:
+        end = time.monotonic()
+        partial = ""
+        if exc.stdout:
+            partial += f"\n# [partial stdout before timeout]\n{exc.stdout}"
+        if exc.stderr:
+            partial += f"\n# [partial stderr before timeout]\n{exc.stderr}"
+        return None, round(end - start, 3), f"timed out after {timeout}s{partial}"
+    except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError) as exc:
+        end = time.monotonic()
+        return None, round(end - start, 3), str(exc)
+    end = time.monotonic()
+    return result, round(end - start, 3), None
+
+
+def run_one_config(
+    config: SweepConfig,
+    *,
+    output_dir: Path,
+    repo_root: Path,
+    timeout: int = DEFAULT_COMMAND_TIMEOUT_SEC,
+) -> PerfRun:
+    """Execute a single sweep configuration and return the result.
+
+    Steps:
+    1. Create logs directory.
+    2. Validate ``NUM_ROWS % LANES == 0``; return fail immediately if invalid.
+    3. Run ``make -C hw/sim clean``.
+    4. Build and run the simulation command via ``build_make_command(config)``.
+    5. Capture combined stdout/stderr into a log file named
+       ``<sweep_name>_<num_rows>r_<hash_bits>b_<lanes>l.log``.
+    6. Parse ``PERF_RESULT`` from the combined log.
+    7. Determine pass/fail: pass only if returncode == 0 and metrics status == 'pass'.
+    """
+    logs_dir = output_dir / "logs"
+    logs_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    log_filename = (
+        f"{config.sweep_name}_{config.num_rows}r_{config.hash_bits}b_{config.lanes}l.log"
+    )
+    log_path = logs_dir / log_filename
+    relative_log = Path("logs") / log_filename
+
+    # ── Validation: NUM_ROWS must be divisible by LANES ──────────────────
+    if config.num_rows % config.lanes != 0:
+        log_path.write_text(
+            f"# ERROR: NUM_ROWS ({config.num_rows}) not divisible by LANES ({config.lanes})\n"
+        )
+        return PerfRun(
+            config=config,
+            status="fail",
+            returncode=-1,
+            duration_sec=0.0,
+            log_path=relative_log,
+            metrics={},
+            error=f"NUM_ROWS ({config.num_rows}) not divisible by LANES ({config.lanes})",
+        )
+
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+    log_chunks: list[str] = []
+
+    # ── Clean step ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    clean_cmd = ["make", "-C", "hw/sim", "clean"]
+    log_chunks.append(f"# Command: {' '.join(clean_cmd)}\n")
+    clean_result, clean_duration, clean_err = _run_subprocess(
+        clean_cmd, cwd=repo_root, env=env, timeout=timeout,
+    )
+    if clean_result is not None:
+        log_chunks.append(clean_result.stdout)
+        log_chunks.append(clean_result.stderr)
+    else:
+        log_chunks.append(f"# ERROR: {clean_err}\n")
+
+    if clean_err is not None or (
+        clean_result is not None and clean_result.returncode != 0
+    ):
+        returncode = clean_result.returncode if clean_result is not None else -1
+        log_path.write_text("".join(log_chunks))
+        return PerfRun(
+            config=config,
+            status="fail",
+            returncode=returncode,
+            duration_sec=clean_duration,
+            log_path=relative_log,
+            metrics={},
+            error=clean_err or f"make clean failed with returncode {returncode}",
+        )
+
+    # ── Main simulation command ──────────────────────────────────────────
+    command = build_make_command(config)
+    log_chunks.append(f"# Command: {' '.join(command)}\n")
+    main_result, duration, main_err = _run_subprocess(
+        command, cwd=repo_root, env=env, timeout=timeout,
+    )
+
+    if main_result is not None:
+        log_chunks.append(main_result.stdout)
+        log_chunks.append(main_result.stderr)
+    else:
+        log_chunks.append(f"# ERROR: {main_err}\n")
+
+    combined_log = "".join(log_chunks)
+    log_path.write_text(combined_log)
+
+    # ── Parse PERF_RESULT ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    metrics = parse_perf_result(combined_log)
+
+    if main_err is not None:
+        status = "fail"
+        returncode = -1
+        error = main_err
+    else:
+        returncode = main_result.returncode
+        metrics_status = metrics.get("status", "")
+        if returncode == 0 and metrics_status == "pass":
+            status = "pass"
+            error = ""
+        else:
+            status = "fail"
+            if returncode != 0:
+                error = f"simulation returned non-zero exit code {returncode}"
+            elif metrics_status != "pass":
+                error = f"PERF_RESULT status is '{metrics_status}'"
+            else:
+                error = "unknown failure"
+
+    return PerfRun(
+        config=config,
+        status=status,
+        returncode=returncode,
+        duration_sec=duration,
+        log_path=relative_log,
+        metrics=metrics,
+        error=error,
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CSV helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def run_to_row(run: PerfRun) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Convert a ``PerfRun`` to a CSV row dict matching ``CSV_FIELDNAMES``."""
+    return {
+        "sweep_name": run.config.sweep_name,
+        "num_rows": str(run.config.num_rows),
+        "hash_bits": str(run.config.hash_bits),
+        "lanes": str(run.config.lanes),
+        "latency_cycles": run.metrics.get("latency_cycles", ""),
+        "total_cycles": run.metrics.get("total_cycles", ""),
+        "accepted_queries": run.metrics.get("accepted_queries", ""),
+        "completed_queries": run.metrics.get("completed_queries", ""),
+        "queries_per_cycle": run.metrics.get("queries_per_cycle", ""),
+        "sim_time_sec": str(run.duration_sec),
+        "status": run.status,
+        "log_path": str(run.log_path),
+    }
+
+
+def write_csv(output_dir: Path, runs: list[PerfRun]) -> None:
+    """Write ``sweep.csv`` with ``CSV_FIELDNAMES`` header and one row per run."""
+    path = output_dir / "sweep.csv"
+    with open(path, "w", newline="") as f:
+        writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=CSV_FIELDNAMES)
+        writer.writeheader()
+        for run in runs:
+            writer.writerow(run_to_row(run))
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Output helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _float_or_none(value: str) -> float | None:
+    """Parse *value* as ``float``, returning ``None`` on failure."""
+    try:
+        return float(value)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return None
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Nature-like plot style constants
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+PLOT_NAVY = "#243B53"
+PLOT_SLATE = "#7A8793"
+PLOT_TEAL = "#4FA7A3"
+PLOT_GRID = "#D7DEE5"
+PLOT_TEXT = "#1F2933"
+
+
+def _style_perf_axis(ax, *, title: str, xlabel: str, ylabel: str) -> None:
+    """Apply Nature-like styling to a performance figure axis."""
+    ax.set_title(title, fontsize=10, color=PLOT_TEXT, pad=8)
+    ax.set_xlabel(xlabel, fontsize=9, color=PLOT_TEXT)
+    ax.set_ylabel(ylabel, fontsize=9, color=PLOT_TEXT)
+    ax.grid(True, color=PLOT_GRID, linewidth=0.6, alpha=0.8)
+    ax.spines["top"].set_visible(False)
+    ax.spines["right"].set_visible(False)
+    ax.spines["left"].set_color(PLOT_SLATE)
+    ax.spines["bottom"].set_color(PLOT_SLATE)
+    ax.tick_params(axis="both", colors=PLOT_TEXT, labelsize=8, width=0.6)
+
+
+def _plot_points(
+    runs: list[PerfRun], group: str, x_getter, metric: str,
+) -> list[tuple[int, float]]:
+    """Filter *runs* to pass runs in *group* and return sorted ``(x, y)`` points."""
+    points: list[tuple[int, float]] = []
+    for run in runs:
+        if run.status != "pass" or group not in logical_sweeps_for_config(run.config):
+            continue
+        value = _float_or_none(run.metrics.get(metric, ""))
+        if value is None:
+            continue
+        points.append((int(x_getter(run.config)), value))
+    return sorted(points, key=lambda item: item[0])
+
+
+def write_summary(output_dir: Path, runs: list[PerfRun]) -> None:
+    """Write ``sweep_summary.md`` in Chinese with summary table and disclaimer."""
+    total = len(runs)
+    passed = sum(1 for r in runs if r.status == "pass")
+    failed = total - passed
+    failed_runs = [r for r in runs if r.status == "fail"]
+
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    lines.append("# CAM 性能扫描摘要")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append(f"**输出目录：** {output_dir}")
+    lines.append(f"**总运行数：** {total}")
+    lines.append(f"**通过数：** {passed}")
+    lines.append(f"**失败数：** {failed}")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 性能结果")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("| 扫描分组 | NUM_ROWS | HASH_BITS | LANES | 延迟(周期数) | 查询量/周期 | 状态 | 日志 |")
+    lines.append("|----------|----------|-----------|-------|-------------|-------------|------|------|")
+    for r in runs:
+        lines.append(
+            f"| {r.config.sweep_name} | {r.config.num_rows} | {r.config.hash_bits} "
+            f"| {r.config.lanes} | {r.metrics.get('latency_cycles', '')} "
+            f"| {r.metrics.get('queries_per_cycle', '')} | {r.status} "
+            f"| {r.log_path} |"
+        )
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 失败列表")
+    lines.append("")
+    if failed_runs:
+        for r in failed_runs:
+            err = r.error or "无"
+            lines.append(f"- **{r.config.sweep_name}** (`{r.log_path}`): {err}")
+    else:
+        lines.append("- 无")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 免责声明")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append(
+        "本报告为 **Verilator/Cocotb 仿真** 结果，非 FPGA 板级实测性能、"
+        "资源利用率或 Fmax。所有数据仅供架构评估参考，不代表最终 FPGA 实现指标。"
+    )
+    lines.append("")
+
+    path = output_dir / "sweep_summary.md"
+    path.write_text("\n".join(lines))
+
+
+def write_notes(output_dir: Path, runs: list[PerfRun]) -> None:
+    """Write ``ch6_3_cam_perf_notes.md`` in Chinese with trend analysis."""
+    lines: list[str] = []
+    lines.append("# 第 6.3 节 CAM 性能仿真笔记")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 说明")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append(
+        "以下结果基于 **Verilator/Cocotb 仿真** 环境，旨在评估 CAM 设计的查询延迟"
+        "（latency_cycles）和吞吐量（queries_per_cycle）趋势。所有数据均为仿真"
+        "结果，**非 FPGA 板级实测性能**。本文档不提供 LUT、FF、BRAM 或 Fmax 等"
+        "资源利用率或时序结论。"
+    )
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 参数趋势分析")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("### NUM_ROWS（CAM 行数）")
+    lines.append("")
+    nr_runs = [
+        r for r in runs
+        if "num_rows" in logical_sweeps_for_config(r.config) and r.status == "pass"
+    ]
+    if nr_runs:
+        for r in sorted(nr_runs, key=lambda x: x.config.num_rows):
+            lat = r.metrics.get("latency_cycles", "N/A")
+            qpc = r.metrics.get("queries_per_cycle", "N/A")
+            lines.append(f"- NUM_ROWS={r.config.num_rows}: 延迟={lat} 周期, 吞吐量={qpc} 查询/周期")
+    else:
+        lines.append("- 无通过数据")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("### HASH_BITS（哈希位宽）")
+    lines.append("")
+    hb_runs = [
+        r for r in runs
+        if "hash_bits" in logical_sweeps_for_config(r.config) and r.status == "pass"
+    ]
+    if hb_runs:
+        for r in sorted(hb_runs, key=lambda x: x.config.hash_bits):
+            lat = r.metrics.get("latency_cycles", "N/A")
+            qpc = r.metrics.get("queries_per_cycle", "N/A")
+            lines.append(f"- HASH_BITS={r.config.hash_bits}: 延迟={lat} 周期, 吞吐量={qpc} 查询/周期")
+    else:
+        lines.append("- 无通过数据")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("### LANES（流水线通路数）")
+    lines.append("")
+    la_runs = [
+        r for r in runs
+        if "lanes" in logical_sweeps_for_config(r.config) and r.status == "pass"
+    ]
+    if la_runs:
+        for r in sorted(la_runs, key=lambda x: x.config.lanes):
+            lat = r.metrics.get("latency_cycles", "N/A")
+            qpc = r.metrics.get("queries_per_cycle", "N/A")
+            lines.append(f"- LANES={r.config.lanes}: 延迟={lat} 周期, 吞吐量={qpc} 查询/周期")
+    else:
+        lines.append("- 无通过数据")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append("## 免责声明")
+    lines.append("")
+    lines.append(
+        "本文档中的数据来源于 Verilator/Cocotb 仿真，用于观察性能趋势。"
+        "实际 FPGA 实现的性能、资源利用率和最大工作频率（Fmax）可能因综合选项、"
+        "布局布线、芯片型号等因素而显著不同。请勿将本文档中的数据直接用作 FPGA "
+        "实现指标。"
+    )
+    lines.append("")
+
+    path = output_dir / "ch6_3_cam_perf_notes.md"
+    path.write_text("\n".join(lines))
+
+
+def plot_figures(output_dir: Path, runs: list[PerfRun]) -> None:
+    """Generate performance trend figures under ``figures/``.
+
+    Three single-panel PNGs and one 1×3 multi-panel PNG are produced
+    when at least 2 pass rows exist in a logical sweep group:
+    - ``cam_num_rows_vs_latency.png``
+    - ``cam_hash_bits_vs_latency.png``
+    - ``cam_lanes_vs_throughput.png``
+    - ``cam_perf_multipanel.png``
+
+    Uses ``logical_sweeps_for_config`` so the baseline ``(512,512,16)``
+    appears in all three groups.
+    """
+    pass_runs = [r for r in runs if r.status == "pass"]
+    if not pass_runs:
+        return
+
+    import matplotlib
+    matplotlib.use("Agg")
+    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+    # White / Nature-like rcParams defaults.
+    plt.rcParams.update({
+        "figure.facecolor": "white",
+        "axes.facecolor": "white",
+        "savefig.facecolor": "white",
+        "font.family": "DejaVu Sans",
+        "axes.linewidth": 0.8,
+    })
+
+    fig_dir = output_dir / "figures"
+    fig_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    # ── Define the three logical groups ──────────────────────────────────
+    groups: list[dict] = [
+        {
+            "group": "num_rows",
+            "x_getter": lambda c: c.num_rows,
+            "metric": "latency_cycles",
+            "xlabel": "NUM_ROWS",
+            "ylabel": "Latency (cycles)",
+            "title": "CAM Query Latency vs NUM_ROWS\n(HASH_BITS=512, LANES=16)",
+            "filename": "cam_num_rows_vs_latency.png",
+            "marker": "o",
+        },
+        {
+            "group": "hash_bits",
+            "x_getter": lambda c: c.hash_bits,
+            "metric": "latency_cycles",
+            "xlabel": "HASH_BITS",
+            "ylabel": "Latency (cycles)",
+            "title": "CAM Query Latency vs HASH_BITS\n(NUM_ROWS=512, LANES=16)",
+            "filename": "cam_hash_bits_vs_latency.png",
+            "marker": "s",
+        },
+        {
+            "group": "lanes",
+            "x_getter": lambda c: c.lanes,
+            "metric": "queries_per_cycle",
+            "xlabel": "LANES",
+            "ylabel": "Queries / Cycle",
+            "title": "CAM Throughput vs LANES\n(NUM_ROWS=512, HASH_BITS=512)",
+            "filename": "cam_lanes_vs_throughput.png",
+            "marker": "^",
+        },
+    ]
+
+    # ── Individual figures ───────────────────────────────────────────────
+    for g in groups:
+        points = _plot_points(pass_runs, g["group"], g["x_getter"], g["metric"])
+        if len(points) < 2:
+            continue
+        xs, ys = zip(*points)
+        fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(4.2, 3.0))
+        ax.plot(
+            xs, ys,
+            color=PLOT_NAVY, linewidth=1.6,
+            marker=g["marker"], markersize=4.5,
+            markerfacecolor=PLOT_TEAL, markeredgecolor="white", markeredgewidth=0.7,
+        )
+        _style_perf_axis(ax, title=g["title"], xlabel=g["xlabel"], ylabel=g["ylabel"])
+        fig.tight_layout(pad=0.7)
+        fig.savefig(fig_dir / g["filename"], dpi=300, bbox_inches="tight")
+        plt.close(fig)
+
+    # ── Multi-panel figure (1 × 3) ───────────────────────────────────────
+    fig, axes = plt.subplots(1, 3, figsize=(10.8, 3.0), constrained_layout=True)
+    for ax, g in zip(axes, groups):
+        points = _plot_points(pass_runs, g["group"], g["x_getter"], g["metric"])
+        if len(points) < 2:
+            ax.text(0.5, 0.5, "insufficient data", ha="center", va="center",
+                    transform=ax.transAxes, fontsize=8, color=PLOT_SLATE)
+            continue
+        xs, ys = zip(*points)
+        ax.plot(
+            xs, ys,
+            color=PLOT_NAVY, linewidth=1.6,
+            marker=g["marker"], markersize=4.5,
+            markerfacecolor=PLOT_TEAL, markeredgecolor="white", markeredgewidth=0.7,
+        )
+        _style_perf_axis(ax, title=g["title"], xlabel=g["xlabel"], ylabel=g["ylabel"])
+    fig.savefig(fig_dir / "cam_perf_multipanel.png", dpi=300, bbox_inches="tight")
+    plt.close(fig)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Orchestrator
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def run_all(
+    configs: list[SweepConfig],
+    output_root: Path = Path("outputs/cam_perf"),
+    date: str | None = None,
+    repo_root: Path | None = None,
+) -> int:
+    """Run all sweep configurations sequentially, write CSV, return 0 if all pass.
+
+    Output is written under ``*output_root* / *date*``.
+    """
+    if repo_root is None:
+        repo_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+    output_root = Path(output_root)
+    if not output_root.is_absolute():
+        output_root = repo_root / output_root
+    if date is None:
+        date = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
+    output_dir = output_root / date
+    output_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+
+    runs: list[PerfRun] = []
+    for config in configs:
+        run = run_one_config(config, output_dir=output_dir, repo_root=repo_root)
+        runs.append(run)
+
+    write_csv(output_dir, runs)
+    write_summary(output_dir, runs)
+    write_notes(output_dir, runs)
+    plot_figures(output_dir, runs)
+
+    all_pass = all(run.status == "pass" for run in runs)
+    return 0 if all_pass else 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def script_repo_root() -> Path:
+    """Return the repository root (two levels up from ``scripts/sweep_cam_perf.py``)."""
+    return Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CLI
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+app = typer.Typer(
+    add_completion=False,
+    help=(
+        "Run CAM performance simulation sweep "
+        "and collect paper-ready outputs."
+    ),
+)
+
+
+@app.command()
+def main(
+    date: Annotated[str | None, typer.Option("--date", help="Output date directory. Defaults to today.")] = None,
+    single: Annotated[bool, typer.Option("--single", help="Run a single config instead of the full sweep.")] = False,
+    num_rows: Annotated[int, typer.Option("--num-rows", help="CAM row count.", min=1)] = 512,
+    hash_bits: Annotated[int, typer.Option("--hash-bits", help="Hash width.", min=1)] = 512,
+    lanes: Annotated[int, typer.Option("--lanes", help="CAM lane count.", min=1)] = 4,
+) -> None:
+    """Run the CAM performance simulation sweep."""
+    if single:
+        configs = [SweepConfig("single", num_rows, hash_bits, lanes)]
+    else:
+        configs = default_sweep_configs()
+
+    run_date = date or date_type.today().isoformat()
+    exit_code = run_all(
+        configs=configs,
+        date=run_date,
+        repo_root=script_repo_root(),
+    )
+    raise typer.Exit(exit_code)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    app()
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a703f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+"""pytest configuration — ensure ``scripts/`` is importable via package syntax.
+
+The ``scripts`` directory is a PEP 420 implicit namespace package (no
+``__init__.py``).  Because ``uv run pytest`` does **not** add the project root
+to ``sys.path``, ``from scripts.sweep_cam_perf import ...`` would otherwise
+fail with ``ModuleNotFoundError``.
+
+This conftest inserts the repository root at the front of ``sys.path`` so that
+``scripts`` is discoverable as a top-level package.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+_repo_root = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
+_repo_root_str = str(_repo_root)
+
+if _repo_root_str not in sys.path:
+    sys.path.insert(0, _repo_root_str)
diff --git a/tests/test_sweep_cam_perf.py b/tests/test_sweep_cam_perf.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4da2dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_sweep_cam_perf.py
@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Fast unit tests for scripts/sweep_cam_perf.py (sweep helpers)."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import subprocess
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from scripts.sweep_cam_perf import (
+    CSV_FIELDNAMES,
+    PerfRun,
+    SweepConfig,
+    _run_subprocess,
+    build_make_command,
+    default_sweep_configs,
+    logical_sweeps_for_config,
+    parse_perf_result,
+    plot_figures,
+    run_all,
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# parse_perf_result
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_parse_perf_result_extracts_metrics():
+    log = (
+        "PERF_RESULT latency_cycles=148 total_cycles=158 "
+        "accepted_queries=1 completed_queries=1 "
+        "queries_per_cycle=0.006329 status=pass"
+    )
+    result = parse_perf_result(log)
+    assert result == {
+        "latency_cycles": "148",
+        "total_cycles": "158",
+        "accepted_queries": "1",
+        "completed_queries": "1",
+        "queries_per_cycle": "0.006329",
+        "status": "pass",
+    }
+
+
+def test_parse_perf_result_returns_empty_when_missing():
+    log = "some random simulation output without the marker"
+    assert parse_perf_result(log) == {}
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# default_sweep_configs
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_default_sweep_configs_are_paper_supporting_dense_matrix():
+    configs = default_sweep_configs()
+    assert len(configs) == 19
+
+    tuples = {(c.num_rows, c.hash_bits, c.lanes) for c in configs}
+
+    # NUM_ROWS sweep (lanes fixed at 16)
+    for nr in (64, 128, 192, 256, 384, 512, 768, 1024):
+        assert (nr, 512, 16) in tuples, f"Missing NUM_ROWS config {(nr, 512, 16)}"
+
+    # HASH_BITS sweep (num_rows fixed at 512, lanes fixed at 16)
+    for hb in (64, 128, 192, 256, 320, 384, 448, 512):
+        assert (512, hb, 16) in tuples, f"Missing HASH_BITS config {(512, hb, 16)}"
+
+    # LANES sweep (num_rows and hash_bits fixed at 512)
+    for la in (2, 4, 8, 16, 32):
+        assert (512, 512, la) in tuples, f"Missing LANES config {(512, 512, la)}"
+
+    assert len(tuples) == 19
+    # All configs must satisfy num_rows % lanes == 0
+    for c in configs:
+        assert c.num_rows % c.lanes == 0, (
+            f"num_rows={c.num_rows} not divisible by lanes={c.lanes} for {c}"
+        )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# logical_sweeps_for_config
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_logical_sweeps_baseline_belongs_to_all_three_groups():
+    """The baseline (512,512,16) config belongs to all three sweep groups,
+    even though its CSV sweep_name is 'num_rows' (first-occurrence dedup)."""
+    configs = default_sweep_configs()
+    # Locate the shared baseline config.
+    baseline = next(c for c in configs if (c.num_rows, c.hash_bits, c.lanes) == (512, 512, 16))
+    groups = logical_sweeps_for_config(baseline)
+    assert set(groups) == {"num_rows", "hash_bits", "lanes"}, (
+        f"Baseline should belong to all three groups, got {groups}"
+    )
+    assert len(configs) == 19, "Sweep config count must remain 19"
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# build_make_command
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_build_make_command_uses_perf_test_module():
+    cfg = SweepConfig("smoke", 128, 128, 4)
+    cmd = build_make_command(cfg)
+    assert cmd == [
+        "make",
+        "-C",
+        "hw/sim",
+        "NUM_ROWS=128",
+        "HASH_BITS=128",
+        "LANES=4",
+        "COCOTB_TEST_MODULES=tests.test_cam_perf",
+    ]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# CSV_FIELDNAMES
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_csv_fieldnames_match_spec():
+    assert CSV_FIELDNAMES == [
+        "sweep_name",
+        "num_rows",
+        "hash_bits",
+        "lanes",
+        "latency_cycles",
+        "total_cycles",
+        "accepted_queries",
+        "completed_queries",
+        "queries_per_cycle",
+        "sim_time_sec",
+        "status",
+        "log_path",
+    ]
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# _run_subprocess — timeout preserves partial output
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_run_subprocess_timeout_preserves_partial_output(monkeypatch):
+    """Timeout error string includes partial stdout/stderr from the process."""
+
+    def mock_run(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise subprocess.TimeoutExpired(
+            cmd=["mock"],
+            timeout=1,
+            output="partial stdout data",
+            stderr="partial stderr data",
+        )
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(subprocess, "run", mock_run)
+
+    result, duration, error = _run_subprocess(
+        ["mock"], cwd=Path("/tmp"), env={}, timeout=1,
+    )
+
+    assert result is None
+    assert duration >= 0
+    assert "timed out after 1s" in error
+    assert "[partial stdout before timeout]" in error
+    assert "partial stdout data" in error
+    assert "[partial stderr before timeout]" in error
+    assert "partial stderr data" in error
+
+
+def test_run_subprocess_timeout_without_partial_output(monkeypatch):
+    """Timeout error is clean when the subprocess produced no output."""
+
+    def mock_run(*args, **kwargs):
+        raise subprocess.TimeoutExpired(cmd=["mock"], timeout=5)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(subprocess, "run", mock_run)
+
+    result, duration, error = _run_subprocess(
+        ["mock"], cwd=Path("/tmp"), env={}, timeout=5,
+    )
+
+    assert result is None
+    assert "timed out after 5s" in error
+    assert "[partial stdout" not in error
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# run_all — output_root anchoring
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def _make_mock_run_one_config(status="pass"):
+    """Return a ``run_one_config`` stand-in that never invokes a subprocess."""
+
+    def mock(config, *, output_dir, repo_root, timeout=1800):
+        return PerfRun(
+            config=config,
+            status=status,
+            returncode=0 if status == "pass" else 1,
+            duration_sec=0.0,
+            log_path=Path("logs/test.log"),
+            metrics={"status": status},
+        )
+
+    return mock
+
+
+def test_run_all_anchors_relative_output_root_to_repo_root(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """A relative ``output_root`` is resolved under ``repo_root``."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "scripts.sweep_cam_perf.run_one_config",
+        _make_mock_run_one_config("pass"),
+    )
+
+    configs = [SweepConfig("test", 512, 512, 16)]
+    exit_code = run_all(
+        configs,
+        output_root="outputs/cam_perf",
+        date="2026-06-01",
+        repo_root=tmp_path,
+    )
+
+    expected_csv = tmp_path / "outputs" / "cam_perf" / "2026-06-01" / "sweep.csv"
+    assert expected_csv.exists(), f"sweep.csv not found at {expected_csv}"
+    assert exit_code == 0
+
+
+def test_run_all_uses_absolute_output_root_unmodified(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    """An absolute ``output_root`` is used as-is, not anchored under repo_root."""
+    monkeypatch.setattr(
+        "scripts.sweep_cam_perf.run_one_config",
+        _make_mock_run_one_config("pass"),
+    )
+
+    configs = [SweepConfig("test", 512, 512, 16)]
+    abs_output = tmp_path / "custom_dir"
+    repo_root = Path("/nonexistent/repo")
+
+    exit_code = run_all(
+        configs,
+        output_root=abs_output,
+        date="2026-06-01",
+        repo_root=repo_root,
+    )
+
+    expected_csv = abs_output / "2026-06-01" / "sweep.csv"
+    assert expected_csv.exists(), f"sweep.csv not found at {expected_csv}"
+    assert exit_code == 0
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# plot_figures — required PNG outputs
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+def test_plot_figures_creates_required_pngs(tmp_path):
+    """plot_figures creates four PNGs under figures/ when enough pass runs exist
+    across all three logical sweep groups.  No exception with Agg backend."""
+    configs = [
+        SweepConfig("num_rows", 128, 512, 16),
+        SweepConfig("num_rows", 256, 512, 16),
+        SweepConfig("num_rows", 512, 512, 16),   # baseline: all three groups
+        SweepConfig("hash_bits", 512, 128, 16),
+        SweepConfig("hash_bits", 512, 256, 16),
+        SweepConfig("lanes", 512, 512, 4),
+        SweepConfig("lanes", 512, 512, 8),
+    ]
+    runs = [
+        PerfRun(
+            config=cfg,
+            status="pass",
+            returncode=0,
+            duration_sec=1.0,
+            log_path=Path("logs/test.log"),
+            metrics={
+                "latency_cycles": str(50 + cfg.num_rows % 100),
+                "total_cycles": str(100 + cfg.num_rows % 100),
+                "accepted_queries": "10",
+                "completed_queries": "10",
+                "queries_per_cycle": "0.05",
+                "status": "pass",
+            },
+        )
+        for cfg in configs
+    ]
+
+    plot_figures(tmp_path, runs)
+
+    fig_dir = tmp_path / "figures"
+    assert fig_dir.is_dir()
+    assert (fig_dir / "cam_num_rows_vs_latency.png").exists()
+    assert (fig_dir / "cam_hash_bits_vs_latency.png").exists()
+    assert (fig_dir / "cam_lanes_vs_throughput.png").exists()
+    assert (fig_dir / "cam_perf_multipanel.png").exists()